CAN-SPAM email marketing vs TCPA SMS / text marketing: what's the difference?

CAN-SPAM governs commercial email (accurate headers, a working opt-out, a physical address); TCPA governs calls and SMS/text marketing and requires prior express written consent before you text. Email and SMS are different channels with different rules — do both and you must satisfy both.

Side by side

 MailProofTextProof
RuleCAN-SPAM email marketingTCPA SMS / text marketing
RegionUS rulesUS rules
Applies if you…send marketing or promotional emailssend SMS / text messages to customers
StatusIn forceIn force
Maximum exposureup to $53,088 per email (FTC)$500–$1,500 per text or call
Official sourceeCFR — 16 CFR Part 316 (CAN-SPAM Rule)TCPA on Cornell LII (47 U.S.C. 227)
Do you need both?

Often yes. They're separate obligations, so if your business falls within scope of each — for example, customers or activities that each one covers — you have to meet both. The free checkers tell you where you stand on each in about a minute.

Check where you stand on each

Or check both at once.
One RuleGoose Score covers MailProof, TextProof, and every other rule that applies to you — free, no signup. Get your RuleGoose Score →

Informational only, not legal advice. Scope and figures can be fact-specific — confirm against each cited source. Last reviewed 2026-06-30.